State and Non-governmental Organisations (NGOs) Politics in Managing the Social Consequences of Conflict-induced Internally Displaced Persons in North East Nigeria

Abstract

Globally, conflict-induced displacement remains a major humanitarian issue affecting millions, with Africa among the most affected regions, particularly Nigeria where it has led to severe social challenges in the North East. To achieve the research objectives, a qualitative research methodology was employed, underpinned by Conflict Theory. Data were collected through semi -structured interviews with fifteen purposively selected informants. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The results revealed that conflict-induced displaced persons experienced significant social consequences, including livelihood loss, food insecurity, disruption of education, psychosocial distress, weakened family stability, and increased dependence on hum anitarian assistance. The study found that state institutions and non -governmental organisations (NGOs) managed the social consequences of displacement through relief assistance, healthcare services, psychosocial support, livelihood interventions, and community -based support programmes aimed at improving the welfare of displaced people. Furthermore, the study identified that the effectiveness of state and NGO responses was hindered by political and institutional challenges such as inadequate funding, weak coordination, insecurity, administrative delays, and limited institutional capacity. The study recommends improved funding and coordination between government and NGOs, strengthened security, expanded livelihood support, simplified administration, and capacity building to enhance displacement management in North-East Nigeria.